1
Swift: optionals, closures, protocols, extensions, generics, property wrappers
2
Swift concurrency: async/await, actors, structured concurrency, Task
3
UIKit: UIViewController lifecycle, Auto Layout, UITableView, UICollectionView
4
SwiftUI: Composables, State (@State, @Binding, @StateObject), Recomposition
5
Navigation: NavigationStack, NavigationLink, sheets, alerts, programmatic
6
Architecture: MVVM, protocol-oriented programming, dependency injection
7
Combine: Publishers, Subscribers, Operators, data flow, @Published
8
Core Data: entities, relationships, NSFetchedResultsController, migrations
9
Networking: URLSession, Codable, async/await, error handling, caching
10
Persistence: UserDefaults, Keychain, FileManager, app-specific storage
11
Memory management: ARC, weak/strong references, retain cycles
12
Testing: XCTest, UI Testing, mocking, test doubles, TDD practices
13
Performance: Instruments, memory leaks, view hierarchy, lazy loading
14
App lifecycle, scenes, push notifications, background tasks
15
Swift Package Manager, Xcode, CI/CD, App Store distribution