Rust

Rust

BACKEND

Systems programming language offering memory safety guarantees without garbage collector through ownership system. C/C++ equivalent performance with zero-cost abstractions, concurrency without data races, and rich ecosystem (Cargo, crates.io) for building reliable backend APIs, WebAssembly and critical systems.

What you'll learn

Ownership system for guaranteed memory safety at compile time (no garbage collector)

C/C++ performance with zero-cost abstractions and low-level control

Concurrency without data races thanks to type system (Send, Sync traits)

Expressive pattern matching, powerful enums and Result<T, E> for error handling

Cargo for dependency management, build and integrated testing

Async/await with Tokio or async-std for non-blocking I/O

Modern web frameworks (Axum, Actix-web, Rocket) for REST APIs

Strong type system with traits, generics, lifetimes and type inference

Comprehensive testing (unit tests, integration tests, doc tests, property-based)

WebAssembly first-class support, cross-compilation and optimized binaries

Key topics to master

The most important concepts to understand this technology and ace your interviews

1

Rust basics: variables (let, mut), primitive types, functions, modules

2

Ownership: move semantics, borrowing, references (&, &mut), lifetimes

3

Borrowing rules: one &mut OR multiple &, no dangling references

4

Structs, enums, pattern matching and destructuring

5

Traits: definition, implementation, trait bounds, derive macros

6

Generics: generic functions, structs, enums with trait bounds

7

Lifetimes: annotations ('a), lifetime elision, static lifetime

8

Error handling: Result<T, E>, Option<T>, ? operator, panic vs Result

9

Collections: Vec, HashMap, HashSet, iterators and methods (map, filter, collect)

10

Iterators: Iterator trait, lazy evaluation, combinators, for loops

11

Ownership patterns: Clone vs Copy, Rc/Arc, RefCell/Mutex for interior mutability

12

Concurrency: threads, Arc<Mutex<T>>, channels (mpsc), Send/Sync traits

13

Async/await: Future trait, async fn, .await, Tokio runtime, async tasks

14

Axum/Actix-web: routing, handlers, extractors, middleware, state management

15

Database: sqlx (compile-time checking), Diesel ORM, async queries

16

Serialization: serde (Serialize, Deserialize), JSON, derive macros

17

Testing: #[test], #[cfg(test)], assert!, integration tests, mocking

18

Macros: declarative macros (macro_rules!), procedural macros, derive

19

Memory safety: no null pointers, no buffer overflows, thread safety

20

Performance: zero-cost abstractions, inlining, LLVM optimizations, profiling

21

Cargo: dependencies (Cargo.toml), features, workspaces, build scripts

22

Deployment: cross-compilation, Docker, static binaries, release profiles