Linux Fundamentals
File system, permissions, users & groups, package managers, systemd, logs, processes
1What is the /etc directory in Linux?
What is the /etc directory in Linux?
Відповідь
The /etc directory contains system and application configuration files installed on the system. It is a standard location where administrators find configuration files to modify to customize system behavior. Common files include /etc/passwd for users, /etc/hosts for local DNS resolution, and /etc/fstab for file system mounting.
2What is the role of the /var directory in Linux?
What is the role of the /var directory in Linux?
Відповідь
The /var directory stores variable data that changes frequently during system operation. This includes logs in /var/log, caches in /var/cache, print spools in /var/spool, and local databases. The name var comes from variable because its content varies constantly unlike static files in /usr or /etc.
3Which command lists files and directories in the current directory?
Which command lists files and directories in the current directory?
Відповідь
The ls command lists files and directories in the current directory. It can be used with various options like -l for detailed display showing permissions, -a to show hidden files starting with a dot, and -h to display sizes in human-readable format. It is one of the most commonly used Linux commands in daily work.
What does the first character represent in file permissions displayed by ls -l?
Which command changes the current working directory?
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