Networking Basics
TCP/IP, DNS, HTTP/HTTPS, SSL/TLS, ports, firewalls, load balancers, troubleshooting network issues
1What is the TCP protocol?
What is the TCP protocol?
Answer
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is a reliable transport protocol that guarantees in-order data delivery. It establishes a connection before sending data (3-way handshake) and verifies that each packet is received via acknowledgments. Use TCP for applications requiring reliability like HTTP, HTTPS, SSH or FTP.
2What is the main difference between TCP and UDP?
What is the main difference between TCP and UDP?
Answer
TCP is connection-oriented and guarantees reliable in-order data delivery with verification, while UDP is connectionless and sends data without delivery guarantees. TCP is ideal for HTTP, SSH, databases where reliability is critical. UDP is preferred for video streaming, DNS, gaming where low latency matters more than reliability.
3What is the main role of DNS (Domain Name System)?
What is the main role of DNS (Domain Name System)?
Answer
DNS translates human-readable domain names (like example.com) into numerical IP addresses (like 93.184.216.34) that machines use to communicate. Without DNS, we would need to memorize IP addresses of all websites. DNS uses hierarchical servers (root, TLD, authoritative) to resolve queries efficiently.
What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS?
What is an IP address?
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