Flutter 테스트 완벽 가이드 2026: 위젯 테스트, 통합 테스트 및 면접 베스트 프랙티스

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:my_app/counter_widget.dart';

void main() {
  testWidgets('Counter increments on tap', (WidgetTester tester) async {
    // Inflate the widget tree
    await tester.pumpWidget(
      const MaterialApp(home: CounterWidget()),
    );

    // Verify initial state
    expect(find.text('0'), findsOneWidget);
    expect(find.text('1'), findsNothing);

    // Simulate user tap on the increment button
    await tester.tap(find.byIcon(Icons.add));
    await tester.pump(); // Rebuild after state change

    // Assert updated state
    expect(find.text('0'), findsNothing);
    expect(find.text('1'), findsOneWidget);
  });
}

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:mocktail/mocktail.dart';
import 'package:my_app/user_profile_widget.dart';
import 'package:my_app/user_repository.dart';

class MockUserRepository extends Mock implements UserRepository {}

void main() {
  late MockUserRepository mockRepo;

  setUp(() {
    mockRepo = MockUserRepository();
  });

  testWidgets('displays user name after loading', (tester) async {
    // Arrange: mock returns a user after a delay
    when(() => mockRepo.fetchUser(1)).thenAnswer(
      (_) async => User(id: 1, name: 'Alice'),
    );

    await tester.pumpWidget(
      MaterialApp(
        home: UserProfileWidget(repository: mockRepo),
      ),
    );

    // Assert: loading indicator visible initially
    expect(find.byType(CircularProgressIndicator), findsOneWidget);

    // Wait for the Future to complete and rebuild
    await tester.pumpAndSettle();

    // Assert: user name displayed, loader gone
    expect(find.text('Alice'), findsOneWidget);
    expect(find.byType(CircularProgressIndicator), findsNothing);

    // Verify the repository was called exactly once
    verify(() => mockRepo.fetchUser(1)).called(1);
  });
}

abstract class WeatherService {
  Future<Weather> getWeather(String city);
}

// real implementation
class OpenMeteoWeatherService implements WeatherService {
  final http.Client _client;

  OpenMeteoWeatherService(this._client);

  @override
  Future<Weather> getWeather(String city) async {
    final response = await _client.get(
      Uri.parse('https://api.open-meteo.com/v1/forecast?city=$city'),
    );
    return Weather.fromJson(jsonDecode(response.body));
  }
}

class MockHttpClient extends Mock implements http.Client {}

void main() {
  late MockHttpClient mockClient;
  late OpenMeteoWeatherService service;

  setUp(() {
    mockClient = MockHttpClient();
    service = OpenMeteoWeatherService(mockClient);
  });

  test('parses weather JSON correctly', () async {
    // Arrange: return a known JSON payload
    when(() => mockClient.get(any())).thenAnswer(
      (_) async => http.Response(
        '{"temperature": 22.5, "condition": "sunny"}',
        200,
      ),
    );

    // Act
    final weather = await service.getWeather('Paris');

    // Assert
    expect(weather.temperature, 22.5);
    expect(weather.condition, 'sunny');
  });
}

import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:integration_test/integration_test.dart';
import 'package:my_app/main.dart' as app;

void main() {
  IntegrationTestWidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();

  testWidgets('complete login flow', (tester) async {
    // Launch the full app
    app.main();
    await tester.pumpAndSettle();

    // Navigate to login screen
    await tester.tap(find.text('Sign In'));
    await tester.pumpAndSettle();

    // Fill in credentials
    await tester.enterText(
      find.byKey(const Key('email_field')),
      'test@example.com',
    );
    await tester.enterText(
      find.byKey(const Key('password_field')),
      'securePassword123',
    );

    // Submit the form
    await tester.tap(find.byKey(const Key('login_button')));
    await tester.pumpAndSettle();

    // Verify navigation to dashboard
    expect(find.text('Dashboard'), findsOneWidget);
  });
}

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_test/flutter_test.dart';
import 'package:my_app/primary_button.dart';

void main() {
  testWidgets('PrimaryButton matches golden file', (tester) async {
    await tester.pumpWidget(
      MaterialApp(
        home: Scaffold(
          body: Center(
            child: PrimaryButton(
              label: 'Submit',
              onPressed: () {},
            ),
          ),
        ),
      ),
    );

    // Compare against baseline image
    await expectLater(
      find.byType(PrimaryButton),
      matchesGoldenFile('goldens/primary_button.png'),
    );
  });
}

test/
  unit/
    services/
      weather_service_test.dart
    models/
      user_test.dart
  widget/
    screens/
      login_screen_test.dart
      dashboard_test.dart
    components/
      primary_button_test.dart
  goldens/
    primary_button.png
integration_test/
  login_flow_test.dart
  checkout_flow_test.dart

// testing a Riverpod-dependent widget
import 'package:flutter_riverpod/flutter_riverpod.dart';

testWidgets('CartWidget shows item count', (tester) async {
  await tester.pumpWidget(
    ProviderScope(
      overrides: [
        // Override the cart provider with test data
        cartProvider.overrideWith(
          (ref) => CartNotifier(initialItems: [
            CartItem(name: 'Widget Book', price: 29.99),
          ]),
        ),
      ],
      child: const MaterialApp(home: CartWidget()),
    ),
  );

  expect(find.text('1 item'), findsOneWidget);
  expect(find.text('\$29.99'), findsOneWidget);
});