# 고급 트레잇 (Rust)

> associated type 대 generic, GATs, trait object, dyn 키워드, object safety, vtable

- 22 면접 질문
- Senior
- [면접 질문: Rust](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions.md)

## 1. trait에서 associated type과 generic 매개변수의 주요 차이점은 무엇인가요?

**답변**

associated type은 타입당 하나의 trait 구현만 허용하는 반면, generic 매개변수는 여러 구현을 허용합니다. associated type을 사용하면 타입이 구현 자체에 의해 결정되므로 타입 추론이 단순해지고 사용할 때마다 타입을 지정할 필요가 없습니다.

## 2. Rust에서 trait object를 생성하려면 어떤 키워드를 사용하나요?

**답변**

Rust에서 trait object를 생성하려면 dyn 키워드를 사용합니다. 이는 메서드 디스패치가 vtable을 통해 런타임에 동적으로 일어남을 나타내며, 컴파일 시점에 해결되는 generic의 정적 디스패치와는 대조됩니다.

## 3. trait object 맥락에서 vtable이란 무엇인가요?

**답변**

vtable(virtual table)은 구체 타입에 대한 trait 메서드 구현을 가리키는 포인터들의 테이블입니다. trait object의 동적 디스패치에 사용되어, 컴파일 시점에 구체 타입을 몰라도 런타임에 올바른 메서드를 호출할 수 있게 합니다.

## 19개 추가 질문 이용 가능

- trait이 object-safe하려면 어떤 조건을 충족해야 하나요?
- Clone trait은 왜 object-safe하지 않나요?

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## 기타 Rust 면접 주제

- [Rust 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/rust-basics.md): 25개 질문, Junior
- [Ownership & Borrowing](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/ownership-borrowing.md): 22개 질문, Junior
- [Structs & Enums](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/structs-enums.md): 20개 질문, Junior
- [에러 처리](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/error-handling.md): 18개 질문, Junior
- [컬렉션](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/collections.md): 20개 질문, Junior
- [모듈과 패키지](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/modules-packages.md): 18개 질문, Junior
- [Traits](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/traits.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Generics](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/generics.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Lifetimes](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/lifetimes.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Iterators & Closures](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/iterators-closures.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Smart Pointers](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/smart-pointers.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Concurrency Basics](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/concurrency-basics.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level
- [async/await](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/async-await.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Testing](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/testing.md): 18개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Cargo & Ecosystem](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/cargo-ecosystem.md): 18개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Pattern Matching](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/pattern-matching.md): 18개 질문, Mid-Level
- [매크로](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/macros.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Serde와 직렬화](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/serde-serialization.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level
- [Unsafe Rust](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/unsafe-rust.md): 20개 질문, Senior
- [고급 lifetime](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/advanced-lifetimes.md): 20개 질문, Senior
- [Type System](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/type-system.md): 20개 질문, Senior
- [Tokio & Async I/O](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/tokio-async.md): 22개 질문, Senior
- [성능 최적화](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/performance-optimization.md): 20개 질문, Senior
- [Memory Management](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/memory-management.md): 20개 질문, Senior
- [Web Frameworks](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/web-frameworks.md): 22개 질문, Senior
- [Database Integration](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/database-integration.md): 20개 질문, Senior
- [Rust 디자인 패턴](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/rust/interview-questions/design-patterns.md): 20개 질문, Senior

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