# Service Mesh & Istio (DevOps) > Traffic management, observability, security, sidecar, virtual service, gateway, Linkerd 비교 - 24 면접 질문 - Senior - [면접 질문: DevOps](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions.md) ## 1. 마이크로서비스 아키텍처에서 Istio와 같은 service mesh의 주요 역할은 무엇입니까? **답변** service mesh는 애플리케이션 코드를 수정하지 않고 traffic management, observability, security 기능을 제공하여 마이크로서비스 간의 통신을 관리합니다. Istio는 각 pod 옆에 sidecar proxy(Envoy)를 주입하여 모든 네트워크 트래픽을 가로채고 관리합니다. 이를 통해 retry, timeout, circuit breaking, mTLS, distributed tracing의 구성을 애플리케이션 수준이 아닌 인프라 수준에서 중앙 집중화할 수 있습니다. ## 2. Istio에서 sidecar 패턴은 어떻게 작동하며 기본적으로 어떤 proxy가 사용됩니까? **답변** Istio는 mutating admission webhook을 통해 각 애플리케이션 pod에 sidecar로 Envoy proxy 컨테이너를 자동으로 주입합니다. 이 sidecar는 애플리케이션 컨테이너의 모든 인바운드 및 아웃바운드 트래픽을 가로채서 코드 변경 없이 traffic management, security 및 observability 정책을 적용할 수 있도록 합니다. Envoy는 고성능, 최신 프로토콜 지원(HTTP/2, gRPC) 및 xDS APIs를 통한 dynamic configuration 처리 능력 때문에 선택되었습니다. ## 3. Istio에서 control plane과 data plane의 차이점은 무엇입니까? **답변** control plane(Istiod)은 구성을 관리하고, 서비스를 검색하며, xDS APIs를 통해 proxy에 규칙을 배포합니다. service discovery를 위한 Pilot, certificate management를 위한 Citadel, configuration validation을 위한 Galley를 포함합니다. data plane은 서비스 간 요청을 가로채고 라우팅하여 트래픽 규칙을 실행하는 Envoy sidecar로 구성됩니다. Istiod는 애플리케이션 트래픽을 절대 건드리지 않으며, sidecar만이 그렇게 합니다. ## 21개 추가 질문 이용 가능 - Istio에서 VirtualService의 역할은 무엇입니까? - Istio에서 Gateway와 VirtualService의 차이점은 무엇입니까? 무료로 가입하기: https://sharpskill.dev/ko/login ## 기타 DevOps 면접 주제 - [버전 관리 & Git](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/version-control-git.md): 20개 질문, Junior - [Linux 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/linux-fundamentals.md): 22개 질문, Junior - [Shell Scripting & Bash](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/shell-scripting-bash.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [네트워킹 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/networking-basics.md): 22개 질문, Junior - [Docker 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/docker-fundamentals.md): 24개 질문, Junior - [CI/CD 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/ci-cd-fundamentals.md): 18개 질문, Junior - [GitHub Actions](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/github-actions.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [GitLab CI/CD](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/gitlab-ci.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Jenkins](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/jenkins.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Kubernetes 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/kubernetes-basics.md): 26개 질문, Mid-Level - [Kubernetes 네트워킹](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/kubernetes-networking.md): 24개 질문, Mid-Level - [Kubernetes 고급](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/kubernetes-advanced.md): 24개 질문, Mid-Level - [Ingress & API Gateway](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/ingress-api-gateway.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [Terraform 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/terraform-basics.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Terraform 고급](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/terraform-advanced.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Ansible & Configuration Management](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/ansible-configuration.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [AWS 핵심](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/aws-essentials.md): 26개 질문, Mid-Level - [Azure 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/azure-fundamentals.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [GCP 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/gcp-fundamentals.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [모니터링과 Prometheus](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/monitoring-prometheus.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Logging & ELK Stack](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/logging-elk.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [알림 및 인시던트 대응](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/alerting-incident-response.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [Cloud Identity & Secrets](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/cloud-identity-secrets.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [CI/CD 파이프라인 보안](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/cicd-pipeline-security.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [Helm & Kubernetes](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/helm-kubernetes.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [런타임 및 클러스터 보안](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/runtime-cluster-security.md): 24개 질문, Senior - [Container Supply Chain Security](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/container-supply-chain.md): 22개 질문, Senior - [GitOps & ArgoCD](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/gitops-argocd.md): 22개 질문, Senior - [Progressive Delivery](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/progressive-delivery.md): 20개 질문, Senior - [분산 옵저버빌리티](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/observability-distributed.md): 22개 질문, Senior - [Disaster Recovery & Backup](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/disaster-recovery.md): 20개 질문, Senior - [성능 최적화](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/performance-optimization.md): 22개 질문, Senior - [클라우드 비용 최적화](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/infrastructure-cost.md): 20개 질문, Senior - [SRE 원칙](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/sre-principles.md): 24개 질문, Senior - [Chaos Engineering](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/chaos-engineering.md): 20개 질문, Senior - [Platform Engineering](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/platform-engineering.md): 22개 질문, Senior --- Source: SharpSkill (https://sharpskill.dev), tech interview preparation for your real stack. 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