# 모니터링과 Prometheus (DevOps) > 메트릭 수집, PromQL, exporter, Alertmanager, Grafana 통합, 누락된 메트릭 문제 해결 - 22 면접 질문 - Mid-Level - [면접 질문: DevOps](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions.md) ## 1. Prometheus에서 Counter 메트릭 유형이란 무엇입니까? **답변** Counter는 증가하거나 재시작 시 0으로 재설정될 수만 있는 메트릭입니다. HTTP 요청, 오류 또는 처리된 메시지 수와 같은 누적 이벤트를 계산하는 데 이상적입니다. 변화율을 계산하려면 재설정을 자동으로 처리하는 PromQL의 rate() 또는 irate() 함수를 사용합니다. ## 2. Prometheus가 기본적으로 사용하는 메트릭 수집 모델은 무엇입니까? **답변** Prometheus는 서버가 정의된 정기적인 간격으로 타겟에서 메트릭을 능동적으로 스크레이핑하는 pull 모델을 사용합니다. 이 모델은 구성을 중앙 집중화하고, 다운된 타겟을 쉽게 감지하며, 애플리케이션이 서버에 과부하를 주는 것을 방지합니다. push gateway는 일시적인 작업을 위해 존재하지만 예외적인 패턴이며 표준이 아닙니다. ## 3. Prometheus 생태계에서 exporter란 무엇입니까? **답변** exporter는 서드파티 시스템의 메트릭을 Prometheus 형식으로 노출하는 컴포넌트입니다. MySQL, Redis 또는 NGINX와 같은 애플리케이션의 네이티브 메트릭을 HTTP를 통해 접근 가능한 호환 메트릭으로 변환합니다. 공식 exporter는 엄격한 명명 규칙을 따르며 Prometheus 커뮤니티에서 유지 관리됩니다. ## 19개 추가 질문 이용 가능 - Gauge와 Counter의 주요 차이점은 무엇입니까? - 계측된 애플리케이션에서 /metrics 엔드포인트의 용도는 무엇입니까? 무료로 가입하기: https://sharpskill.dev/ko/login ## 기타 DevOps 면접 주제 - [버전 관리 & Git](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/version-control-git.md): 20개 질문, Junior - [Linux 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/linux-fundamentals.md): 22개 질문, Junior - [Shell Scripting & Bash](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/shell-scripting-bash.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [네트워킹 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/networking-basics.md): 22개 질문, Junior - [Docker 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/docker-fundamentals.md): 24개 질문, Junior - [CI/CD 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/ci-cd-fundamentals.md): 18개 질문, Junior - [GitHub Actions](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/github-actions.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [GitLab CI/CD](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/gitlab-ci.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Jenkins](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/jenkins.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Kubernetes 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/kubernetes-basics.md): 26개 질문, Mid-Level - [Kubernetes 네트워킹](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/kubernetes-networking.md): 24개 질문, Mid-Level - [Kubernetes 고급](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/kubernetes-advanced.md): 24개 질문, Mid-Level - [Ingress & API Gateway](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/ingress-api-gateway.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [Terraform 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/terraform-basics.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Terraform 고급](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/terraform-advanced.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Ansible & Configuration Management](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/ansible-configuration.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [AWS 핵심](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/aws-essentials.md): 26개 질문, Mid-Level - [Azure 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/azure-fundamentals.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [GCP 기초](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/gcp-fundamentals.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [Logging & ELK Stack](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/logging-elk.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [알림 및 인시던트 대응](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/alerting-incident-response.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [Cloud Identity & Secrets](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/cloud-identity-secrets.md): 22개 질문, Mid-Level - [CI/CD 파이프라인 보안](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/cicd-pipeline-security.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [Helm & Kubernetes](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/helm-kubernetes.md): 20개 질문, Mid-Level - [런타임 및 클러스터 보안](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/runtime-cluster-security.md): 24개 질문, Senior - [Container Supply Chain Security](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/container-supply-chain.md): 22개 질문, Senior - [Service Mesh & Istio](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/service-mesh-istio.md): 24개 질문, Senior - [GitOps & ArgoCD](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/gitops-argocd.md): 22개 질문, Senior - [Progressive Delivery](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/progressive-delivery.md): 20개 질문, Senior - [분산 옵저버빌리티](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/observability-distributed.md): 22개 질문, Senior - [Disaster Recovery & Backup](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/disaster-recovery.md): 20개 질문, Senior - [성능 최적화](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/performance-optimization.md): 22개 질문, Senior - [클라우드 비용 최적화](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/infrastructure-cost.md): 20개 질문, Senior - [SRE 원칙](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/sre-principles.md): 24개 질문, Senior - [Chaos Engineering](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/chaos-engineering.md): 20개 질문, Senior - [Platform Engineering](https://sharpskill.dev/ko/technologies/devops/interview-questions/platform-engineering.md): 22개 질문, Senior --- Source: SharpSkill (https://sharpskill.dev), tech interview preparation for your real stack. 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