# Application Properties & YAML (Spring Boot)

> Konfigurasi dengan application.properties/yml, @Value, @ConfigurationProperties, profiles, properti eksternal

- 16 pertanyaan wawancara
- Junior
- [Pertanyaan Wawancara: Spring Boot](https://sharpskill.dev/id/technologies/spring-boot/pertanyaan-wawancara.md)

## 1. Apa perbedaan utama antara application.properties dan application.yml di Spring Boot?

**Jawaban**

Kedua file digunakan untuk mengonfigurasi Spring Boot, tetapi menggunakan format yang berbeda. Format YAML (.yml) memungkinkan struktur hierarkis dengan indentasi, sehingga lebih mudah dibaca untuk konfigurasi yang kompleks. Format properties (.properties) menggunakan sintaks key=value yang datar. Spring Boot secara otomatis memuat salah satunya, dengan prioritas pada .properties jika keduanya ada.

## 2. Properti mana yang memungkinkan mengubah port server tertanam di Spring Boot?

**Jawaban**

Properti server.port mengonfigurasi port HTTP dari server tertanam (Tomcat, Jetty, Undertow). Secara default, Spring Boot dijalankan pada port 8080. Properti ini dapat didefinisikan di application.properties (server.port=9000) atau di YAML (server: port: 9000). Properti ini juga dapat ditimpa melalui argumen JVM (-Dserver.port=9000) atau variabel lingkungan.

## 3. Bagaimana cara mendeklarasikan properti spring.datasource.url di YAML untuk database PostgreSQL lokal?

**Jawaban**

Di YAML, properti hierarkis menggunakan indentasi (spasi, bukan tab). Properti spring.datasource.url terurai menjadi spring → datasource → url. Setiap tingkat diindentasi dengan 2 spasi. Struktur hierarkis ini membuat konfigurasi lebih mudah dibaca daripada versi properties yang datar (spring.datasource.url=jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb).

## 13 pertanyaan lagi tersedia

- Bagaimana cara mengaktifkan profile 'dev' saat menjalankan aplikasi Spring Boot?
- Anotasi mana yang memungkinkan untuk menyuntikkan properti konfigurasi ke dalam sebuah Spring bean?

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